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Door 13 · Grade 5

📏 Perimeter & Area

Perimeter = distance around a shape; add all sides

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Perimeter

Perimeter is the total distance around the edge of a shape. Add the lengths of all the sides.
• Rectangle: P = 2 × (length + width).
• Square: P = 4 × side.

Perimeter is measured in units of length (cm, m).

Worked example

Problem: Find the perimeter of a 5 cm × 3 cm rectangle.

  1. 2 × (5 + 3) = 16 cm.

Answer: 2 × (5 + 3) = 16 cm.

Area

Area is the amount of surface a shape covers, measured in square units (cm², m²).
• Rectangle: A = length × width.
• Square: A = side × side.

For a composite shape, split it into rectangles, find each area, and add them.

Worked example

Problem: Find the area of a 5 cm × 3 cm rectangle.

  1. 5 × 3 = 15 cm².

Answer: 5 × 3 = 15 cm².